The collection of the Mūkusala Art Salon encompasses the period from the beginning of the 19th century till the present, reflecting the general tendencies in Latvian art. Due to their more convenient storage, most of the items in the collection are in the classical 2-dimensional media of painting and print. The collection also contains sculpture, applied art, scenography and objects. In total the collection consists of hundreds of items.

The masters of Latvian painting of the 20th century form the nucelus of the collection (Leonīds Āriņš, Boriss Bērziņš, Ģederts Eliass, Eduards Kalniņš, Ludolfs Liberts, Jānis Osis, Rūdolfs Pinnis, Jānis Pauļuks, Vilhelms Purvītis, Janis Rozentāls, Jānis Ferdinands Tīdemanis, Konrāds Ubāns, Johans Valters-Kūravs, Indulis Zariņš, Auseklis Baušķenieks). The collection also includes artists that have remained outside the mainstream (e.g., Vladimirs Gluščenko, Gunārs Kļava un Genādijs Suhanovs), as well as those of the middle and younger generations.

Sculpture is most widely represented by Kārlis Baumanis’ medals, while printmaking - by Guntars Sietiņš and Paulis Liepa.

The collection also includes works by artists from the Latvian diaspora (Vija Celmiņš, Jānis Kalmīte, Visvaldis Reinholds, Juris Soikāns, Raimonds Staprāns) and those, who chose to move abroad (Voldemārs Andersons, Aleksandrs Drēviņš, Gustavs Klucis), thus sketching the artistic paths Latvian artists chose abroad (which often were in step with global art movements).

Despite being oriented towards representing the Latvian national school of painting, the collection also includes works by Russian artists living in Latvia, as well as authors representing the neighbouring regions: Estonia, Lithuania, Russia and Ukraine.